Three days later, concluding (72) that a fair statewide recount could not be performed in time to meet the December 18 deadline for certifying the states electors, the court issued a controversial 54 decision to reverse the Florida Supreme Courts recount order, effectively awarding the presidency to Bush (see Bush v. Gore). Judges are either elected or politically appointed, so probably not in the way you are trying to get at. On November 9, the Bush campaign announced they had hired George H. W. Bush's former Secretary of State James Baker and Republican political consultant Roger Stone to oversee their legal team, and the Gore campaign hired Bill Clinton's former Secretary of State Warren Christopher..mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}. After a rapid-fire of legal efforts from both parties -- similar to litigation efforts by Trumps campaign -- the Florida Supreme Court officially requested a recount of votes in Floridas 67 counties, which Bush then appealed. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Florida statutes also required that all counties certify and report their returns, including any recounts, by 5:00p.m. on November 14. AsNew York Magazinesreporter Andrew Ricewrites, many of the same characters from the 2000 presidential legal brawl are still involved. Rice points to Noel Francisco, the former solicitor general,Alex Azarthe current secretary of Health and Human Services,Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas)and three people who now sit on the nations highest bench: JusticesJohn Roberts,Brett KavanaughandAmy Coney Barrett. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. They had won Florida, they insisted. Even though four other Optiscan counties (Hamilton, Polk, Seminole, Taylor) manually reviewed machine-rejected ballots for votes to include in their certified totals, Includes increase in Orange County's unofficially revised machine-tabulated vote total, due to machine later counting 512 ballots that were previously machine-rejected ("could not be distinguished from ballots that were accepted and counted they appeared to be properly completed"): Gore 249, Bush 184 (total 433). The "set aside" ballots were dimpled ballots that were challenged by the two parties. An official recount might well have come up with yet a third set of numbers. Republican Ron DeSantis proclaimed victory in the governor's race and current Gov. The next day, Gore sued under Florida's statutory construct of the "contest phase". He and his legal team will need to produce solid evidence of it. [14]:89 On November 13, the federal court ruled against an injunction. [37] Such a statewide review including all uncounted votes was a tangible possibility, as Leon County Circuit Court Judge Terry Lewis, whom the Florida Supreme Court had assigned to oversee the statewide recount, had scheduled a hearing for December 13 (mooted by the U.S. Supreme Court's final ruling on December 12) to consider including overvotes. Gore won New Mexico and Oregon over the following few days; but the result in Florida was to be decisive, regardless of how those two states had voted. The outcome of the 2000 United States presidential election was not known for more than a month after balloting because of the extended process of counting and recounting Florida's presidential ballots. The day of inauguration is in January and voting day is held in early November. The recounts had gone up until December 9 (although they had been stopped and restarted and stopped and restarted several times before then) when the Supreme Court stopped the recount with a 7 to 2 decision, on the basis that it violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The U.S. Presidential Election of 1876 Was Pure Chaos. County officials were unable to deliver as many as 2,200 problem ballots to the investigators that news organizations hired to conduct the recount. What was the primary election-year problem in Florida? First of all, this is a completely different election from the one 20 years ago, Goretold NBC News, saying that Biden has multiple pathways to secure his victory over Trump. According to legal analyst Jeffrey Toobin, later analysis showed that a total of 18 countiesaccounting for a quarter of all votes cast in Floridadid not carry out the legally mandated machine recount, but "No one from the Gore campaign ever challenged this view" that the machine recount had been completed. Direct link to Tejas's post The best answer I can giv, Posted 6 years ago. More than 20% of ballots in black precincts of Duval County were rejected because of votes for president on each page. Jeb Bush really didn'. County custom standard: what each individual county canvassing board considered a vote, in regard to both undervotes and overvotes. United States presidential election of 2000, A History of U.S. Presidential Elections in Maps. Direct link to David Alexander's post There are many possible r, Posted 6 years ago. According to a massive months-long study commissioned by eight news organizations in 2001, George W. Bush probably still would have won even if the U.S. Supreme Court had allowed a limited statewide recount to go forward as ordered by Floridas highest court. He chose former Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney as his running mate. during the presidential election of 2000, which state's voting system came under enormous scrutiny because of voting irregularities caused by poorly designed ballots? There is a real issue here about what voting actually means. Kohut was among those who saw this flaw even in 2000. However, Kohut noted it might also mean that a disproportionate number of these Democratic-leaning groups were voting early, or that a disproportionate number were being represented in the exit polls. Canvassing boards of Alachua, Bay, Bradford, Charlotte, Columbia, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Hendry, Hernando, Holmes, Lake, Manatee, Okaloosa, Okeechobee, St. Johns and Washington Counties, Election day decisions by 17 Optiscan counties not to "manually review overvotes that couldn't be properly read by machine", Canvassing boards of Alachua, Bay, Charlotte, Citrus, Columbia, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Holmes, Jackson, Lake, Leon, Manatee, Monroe, Okaloosa, Okeechobee, St. Johns, Suwanee and Washington Counties, Election day decisions by 19 Optiscan counties not to "manually review undervotes that couldn't be read by counting machines", Canvassing boards of Collier, DeSoto, Dixie, Duval, Glades, Hardee, Highlands, Hillsborough, Indian River, Jefferson, Lee, Madison, Marion, Miami-Dade, Nassau, Osceola, Pasco, Pinellas, Sarasota, Sumter and Wakulla Counties, Election day decisions by 21 punch-card counties not to "attempt to determine voter intent on undervotes that couldn't be read by counting machines", The above 21 boards plus Palm Beach County Canvassing Board, Election day decisions by 22 punch-card counties not to "attempt to determine voter intent on overvotes that couldn't be properly read by machine", Decision not to review dimpled ballots with clear indications of intent, Decision to change county's certified vote from the mechanical recount total back to the election night vote total, Decision not to include Palm Beach County's vote recount results (all but 53 precincts) submitted before certification deadline, Decision not to include Miami-Dade County's vote recount results (139 precincts) accomplished before certification deadline. B.K., sounds like you are a believer in state's rights. She said that she used both sides of the ballot in order to make the candidate names larger so the county's elderly residents could more easily see the names.[54]. Finally, we hit the seventh page.. The results of the 2000 U.S. presidential election are provided in the table. The 2000 presidential election between George W Bush and Al Gore was the closest election in modern history with the results hinging on voters in South Florida. Expert Answers. In the weeks following Election Day in the 2000 U.S. presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore, there was a period of vote recounting in Florida. [4]:74. How the 2000 Election Came Down to a Supreme Court Decision - HISTORY Florida Supreme Court order as being implemented: accepts completed recounts in eight counties and certified counts from four counties that refused to recount; Incomplete result when the Supreme Court stayed the recount (December 9, 2000), Recounts included from Volusia and Broward only, Wrong ink color/carbon content (oval/arrow filled). The court ruled that counties had that authority and to allow time for these efforts, extended the statutory deadline for the manual recounts. There were punch-card ballots where the voters' attempt to make their choice had only succeeded in detaching a portion of the perforated paper ("hanging chads" ) or merely denting rather than removing the punch-out ("dimpled chads"). Networks initially projected Gore the winner in Florida, but later they declared that Bush had opened an insurmountable lead. Five hundred thirty-seven votes. George W.. Fewer than 600 votes separated the candidates, and that margin appeared to be narrowing. On election night in November, television news networks initially declared that Gore had won Florida, despite several polls open in Republican-leaning districts, with voters still casting their ballots. Ultimately, it came down to just 537 votes out of six million cast. What did the U.S. Supreme Court decide in, https://www.britannica.com/event/Bush-v-Gore, Cornell University Law School - Bush Versus Gore, Bush v. Gore - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), sample butterfly ballot from Florida, 2000. "Study concludes accurate election recount virtually impossible." Based on the review of these ballots, their results indicated that Bush would have won if certain recounting methods had been used (including the one favored by Gore at the time of the Supreme Court decision), but that Gore might have won under other standards and scenarios. It was ostensibly completed on November 10 in the 66 Florida counties that used vote-counting machines and reduced Bush's lead to 327 votes. According to standards being applied by each county at the time. 9 terms. 1 / 6. Following the 2000 presidential election, the bush - brainly.in The election of 2000 (article) | Khan Academy Presidential Election of 2000 - 270toWin 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida, NORC-sponsored Florida Ballot Project recount, County-by-county standards for write-in overvotes in 2000. As the Electoral College vote took shape on election night, with the results piling up from around the country, it was clear the vote in Florida was going to determine not only the winner of that state's 25 electoral votes but the next occupant of the Oval Office. Initially, Florida had been considered fertile territory for Republicans. (The case had also been argued on the basis of Article II jurisdictional grounds, which found favor with only Justices Scalia, Clarence Thomas, and William Rehnquist.) Judge Robert Rosenberg of the Broward County Canvassing Board uses a magnifying glass to examine a dimpled chad on a punch card ballot on November 24, 2000 during a vote recount in Fort Lauderdale, Fla. Want to feel old? Print and broadcast media cited often contradictory exit-polling numbers, and the races in Oregon and New Mexico would remain too close to call for some days. Cox News Service, 11 Nov. 2001. The Court further held that it had "considerable uncertainty" as to the reasons given by the Florida Supreme Court for its decision. Gore received the most votes, with 48.4% of the popular vote compared to 47.9% for Bush. Subsequent statements by Lewis and internal court documents support the likelihood that overvotes would have been included in the recount. A problem that occurred in Florida during the 2000 election was very minute difference in votes that state statute necessitated a repeat. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Overall, the results were justtoo close to callon election night. There were also contentions about the card-punch system that some counties used, which required voters to puncture a hole for the ticket they had supported, but that left some cards with hanging chads, or pieces of paper dangling from their ballots. For example, 21,188 of the Florida overvotes, or nearly one-fifth of the total, originated from Duval County, where the presidential ballot was split across two pages and voters were instructed to "vote every page". It also stayed the state certification to November 26. Nonetheless, Republicans put significant advertising resources into the state, and later polls indicated that the state was very much in play as late as September 2000. The Florida election was closely scrutinized after Election Day. Direct link to Mr. S's post B.K., sounds like you are, Posted 5 years ago. Also at issue was the so-called butterfly ballot design used in Palm Beach county, which caused confusion among some residents who had intended to vote for Goreleading them to inadvertently cast some 3,400 votes for an ultraconservative third-party candidate, Pat Buchanan, which amounted to about 20 percent of his total votes statewide. After calling the race, the networks began getting phone calls from Republicans. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. [1], The controversy began on election night, November 7, 2000, when the national television networks, using information provided to them by the Voter News Service, an organization formed by the Associated Press to help determine the outcome of the election through early result tallies and exit polling, first called Florida for Gore in the hour after polls closed in the peninsula (in the Eastern time zone) but about ten minutes before they closed in the heavily Republican counties of the panhandle (in the Central time zone). The Palm Beach Post put it more dramatically: He couldnt have caught George W. Bush even if his two best chances for an official recount had played out. Will the current Florida conundrum need a resolution from the same source? What Can This Tell Us About the 2020 Presidential Race? Most inclusive standard: any dimpled chads, any affirmative mark on optical scan ballots; includes optical scan overvotes. The Herron memo gave postmark and "point of origin" criteria that Herron maintained could be used to challenge overseas ballots. Cantal Asia? However, an overvote shall not occur when the elector casts a vote on the ballot card but then enters a sham or unqualified name in the write-in space for that same office. Gore said he disagreed with the Court's decision, but conceded the election. Under the FAC, a ballot with any other name written in (including Bush and Gore, who were not qualified as write-in candidates) was not an overvote, but rather a valid vote for the candidate whose name was marked by the voter. As a result of the state's contract with Database Technologies, "173,000 registered voters in Florida were permanently wiped off the voter rolls. A nationwide December 1421, 2000 Harris poll asked, "If everyone who tried to vote in Florida had their votes counted for the candidate who they thought they were voting forwith no misleading ballots and infallible voting machineswho do you think would have won the election, George W. Bush or Al Gore?". Meanwhile, there was a heavy backlash in the Cuban-American population against Democrats during the Elian Gonzalez dispute, during which Janet Reno, President Bill Clintons Attorney General, ordered the six-year-old Cuban refugee to be returned to Cuba. The 2000 election between George W. Bush, the Republican candidate, and Democratic candidate Al Gore remains controversial because the vote between the two candidates was so close . They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Corrections? Following the machine recount, the Gore campaign requested a manual recount in four counties. In 2000 that process took five weeks and only ended at the Supreme Court. At an NAACP-sponsored hearing in Miami four days after the election, prospective voters told of police cars blocking the way to the polls, of voters harassed by election workers. Eventually, the Florida Supreme Court decided (43) to order a statewide manual recount of the approximately 45,000 undervotesballots that machines recorded as not clearly expressing a presidential voteand accepted some previously uncertified results in both Miami-Dade and Palm Beach counties, reducing Bushs lead to a mere 154 votes. The campaign It would surely be accepted by the reviewing authority, which was the U.S. Senate, where Republicans were in control. Bush led the election-night vote count in Florida by 1,784 votes. Circle Countries that came under the rule of a fascist government and dictator before WWII began Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Karl Rove, in full Karl Christian Rove, (born December 25, 1950, Denver, Colorado, U.S.), American political consultant and principal architect of U.S. Pres. George W. Bush, et al., Petitioners v. Albert Gore, Jr., et al. Although electors are pledged to their candidate and running mate, they are not obligated to vote for them. After an intense recount process and the United States Supreme Court's decision in Bush v. Gore, Bush won Floridas electoral votes by a margin of only 537 votes out of almost six million cast (0.009%) and, as a result, became the president-elect. Immediately following the presidential election in 2000, a. votes were recounted in the state of Florida. Positive sign indicates number of votes that decision caused to be included (or put back) in state certified total. Soon, the on-air personalities on Fox were telling viewers to reserve judgment on Florida. Disputes erupted over the accuracy and reliability of election technology in the state, with confusion over butterfly ballots (ballots that have names on both sides), punch card voting machines, and hanging chads (punch card ballots that were only partially punched). Initial election returns showed that Gore had won the popular vote, but neither candidate had garnered the 270 electoral votes required to win the presidency. Ultimately, the contest focused on Florida. The voting is supposed to proceed night and day until a winner is clear. CNN.com, 2001. As the Electoral College vote took shape on election night, with the results piling up from around the country, it was clear the. "[7] Even an elections supervisor in Madison County was barred from voting; she and others "tried to get the state to rectify the problem, but their pleas fell on deaf ears."[7]. [2] Gore phoned Bush the night of the election to concede, then retracted his concession after learning how close the Florida count was.[3]. Specifically, the use of different standards of counting in different counties violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution.
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